java – 有没有比使用CountDownLatch更好的方法来等待两个线程来完成他们的任务?

我的要求是在kickstart一个依赖的作业之前等待两个线程完成执行.

为了做到这一点,我能够创建一个CountDownLatch和一个Waiter线程,它将等待CountDownLatch变为零.一个约束是我不能使用主线程来等待两个线程完成.主线程继续执行其他任务.

这件事确实有效.但是,我在这方面有一种解决方法,而不是坚实的设计.

我的问题如下:

>目前的方法有哪些明显的缺陷?例如,杂散信号
>你会推荐什么样的设计?

我目前的代码:

class Waiter implements Runnable {
    private CountDownLatch latch; 

    Waiter (CountDownLatch latch){
        this.latch = latch;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("Waiter Started running..." + latch.getCount());

        try {
            latch.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Waiter ready to trigger Next Job!");
    }
}

class Processor implements Runnable {
    private CountDownLatch latch; 

    Processor (CountDownLatch latch){
        this.latch = latch;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(300);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        latch.countDown();
    }
}

public class CountDownLatchDemo {
    public static void main (String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(2);

        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        for (int i=0; i< 2; i++){
            executor.submit(new Processor(latch));
        }

        ExecutorService waitExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        waitExecutor.submit(new Waiter(latch));

        Thread.sleep(3000);
        executor.shutdown();
        waitExecutor.shutdown();
        System.out.println("Keep doing other things! Sleep here is just for help you run this code for test!");
    }
}

最佳答案 CountDownLatch是适合您任务的正确解决方案.但Java 8提供了另一种选择 – CompletableFuture.您可以为任务创建两个这样的期货,然后使用等待期货完成的方法之一并异步执行其他操作.例如:

// Submit Task 1
CompletableFuture<Integer> f1 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
    try {
        Thread.sleep(2000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    }
    System.out.println("Task 1 completed");
    return 5;
});
// Submit Task 2
CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
    try {
        Thread.sleep(3000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    }
    System.out.println("Task 2 completed");
    return 7;
});
// This call will create a future that will wait for f1 and f2 to complete
// and then execute the runnable
CompletableFuture.allOf(f1, f2).thenRun(() -> {
    System.out.println("Both completed");
});

所有这些调用都将异步处理,主线程将继续运行.如果您需要第三个任务中前两个任务的结果,则可以使用thenAcceptBothAsync()而不是allOf():

f1.thenAcceptBothAsync(f2, (a, b) -> System.out.println("Result = " + (a + b)));

CompletableFuture中有许多方法允许您创建异步执行的任务链. JVM使用默认的ForkJoinPool来执行它们,但是你可以提供自己的执行程序来完成你的未来并用它们做很多其他有用的事情.

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