我带你去旅行..
我正在尝试通过MD5在新的Debian(Jessie)机器上下载并验证Apache Spark(http://www.apache.org/dist/spark/spark-1.6.0/spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz).
md5sum脚本已经存在于该机器上,我无需做任何事情.
因此,我继续将MD5校验和(http://www.apache.org/dist/spark/spark-1.6.0/spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz.md5)下载到与下载的Spark相同的目录,然后执行:
md5sum -c spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz.md5
这失败了:
md5sum: spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz.md5: no properly formatted MD5 checksum lines found
所以我通过cat spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz.md5查看内容:
spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz: 62 4B 16 1F 67 70 A6 E0 E0 0E 57 16 AF D0 EA 0B
这是整个文件.看起来不错 – 也许Spark下载真的很糟糕?在采取这个假设之前,我将首先通过md5sum spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz看到MD5现在是什么:
624b161f6770a6e0e00e5716afd0ea0b spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz
嗯,这是一个完全不同的格式 – 但是如果你看起来很难,你会注意到数字和字母实际上是相同的(除了小写和没有空格).看起来Debian附带的md5sum遵循不同的标准.
也许还有另一种方法可以运行这个命令?让我们试试md5sum –help:
Usage: md5sum [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Print or check MD5 (128-bit) checksums.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
-b, --binary read in binary mode
-c, --check read MD5 sums from the FILEs and check them
--tag create a BSD-style checksum
-t, --text read in text mode (default)
The following four options are useful only when verifying checksums:
--quiet don't print OK for each successfully verified file
--status don't output anything, status code shows success
--strict exit non-zero for improperly formatted checksum lines
-w, --warn warn about improperly formatted checksum lines
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
The sums are computed as described in RFC 1321. When checking, the input
should be a former output of this program. The default mode is to print
a line with checksum, a character indicating input mode ('*' for binary,
space for text), and name for each FILE.
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report md5sum translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/md5sum>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) md5sum invocation'
好的, – tag似乎改变了格式.让我们试试md5sum –tag spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz:
MD5 (spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz) = 624b161f6770a6e0e00e5716afd0ea0b
实际上,这是一种不同的格式,但仍然不是正确的格式.所以我查看Apache Download Mirrors页面上的说明并找到以下文本:
Alternatively, you can verify the MD5 hash on the file. A unix program called
md5
ormd5sum
is included in many unix distributions. It is also available as part of 07003…
所以我按照这个链接发现Textutils在2003年被合并到Coreutils – 所以我实际上想要Coreutils的md5sum.但是你可以在md5sum –help转储的底部看到它已经来自Coreutils了.
这可能意味着我的Coreutils已经过时了.所以我会得到更新&& apt-get upgrade coreutils,但后来我发现:
Calculating upgrade... coreutils is already the newest version.
那是一个死胡同……但是等一下,他们说“md5或md5sum”!让我们看看那个领先.
md5脚本尚不存在,所以我将尝试apt-get install md5:
E: Unable to locate package md5
现在我迷路了,所以转向Google,然后转向StackOverflow寻求帮助..现在我来了.
那么两种不同的MD5文件格式是什么呢?我该如何处理这个问题(最后验证我的Apache Spark)?
最佳答案 我相信gpg –print-md md5 spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz应该匹配.md5文件的内容.
md5 / sha文件的格式存在问题,因为构建spark版本的脚本使用gpg –print-md md5来创建签名文件.见:https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-5308