题目链接
https://leetcode.com/problems/best-time-to-buy-and-sell-stock/
题目原文
Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i .
If you were only permitted to complete at most one transaction (ie, buy one and sell one share of the stock), design an algorithm to find the maximum profit.
题目翻译
假设有一个数组,它的第i项是第i天的股票价格。如果你最多只能进行一次买卖操作(买一次,卖一次),设计一个算法求出最大的收益。
思路方法
直观的理解,就是求数组中 max(array[j]-array[i]), j>=i。用两重循环求出每一对不同i,j的差值,这样做会超时,所以要用更巧妙的方法。
思路一
实际上,一次循环就可以求出结果。在遍历的过程中,用一个变量保存目前为止最小的数,用当前的数与目前最小的数相减,判断这个差与此前得到的最大收益的大小,取较大值更新最大收益。
代码
class Solution(object):
def maxProfit(self, prices):
""" :type prices: List[int] :rtype: int """
if len(prices) == 0:
return 0
minPrice = prices[0]
maxProfit = 0
for p in prices:
if p < minPrice:
minPrice = p
elif p - minPrice > maxProfit:
maxProfit = p - minPrice
return maxProfit
思路二
实际上,这道题本质上是个动态规划问题。如果上面的代码不太好理解,可以尝试理解下面的代码。
代码
class Solution(object):
def maxProfit(self, prices):
""" :type prices: List[int] :rtype: int """
if len(prices) == 0:
return 0
minPrice = prices[0]
dp = [0] * len(prices)
for i in xrange(0, len(prices)):
dp[i] = max(dp[i-1], prices[i] - minPrice)
minPrice = min(minPrice, prices[i])
return dp[-1]
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