4.2MongoDB和Spring整合

MongoDB现在用的非常非常多,如何和Spring整合也是经常碰到的问题。
Spring提供了MongoTemplate这样一个模板类的实现方法,简化了具体操作。

下面讲一下具体实现:

添加依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
      <version>1.10.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

其余Spring相关的忽略

Spring的配置applicationContext-mongo.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo.xsd">
    <context:property-placeholder
            ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:/mongodb.properties"/>

    <mongo:mongo-client id="mongoClient" host="${mongo.host}" port="${mongo.port}">
        <!-- credentials="${mongo.user}:${mongo.pwd}@${mongo.defaultDbName}"-->
    </mongo:mongo-client>

    <mongo:db-factory id="mongoDbFactory"
                      dbname="${mongo.database}"
                      mongo-ref="mongoClient"/>
    <!-- 默认Mongodb类型映射 -->
    <bean id="defaultMongoTypeMapper" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.convert.DefaultMongoTypeMapper">
        <constructor-arg name="typeKey">
            <!-- 这里设置为空,可以把 spring data mongodb 多余保存的_class字段去掉 -->
            <null/>
        </constructor-arg>
    </bean>

    <mongo:repositories base-package="com.critc.mongo"/>
    <!-- 自动扫描以下包的有Doucment注解的类 -->
    <mongo:mapping-converter id="mappingConverter" base-package="com.critc.mongo.model"
                             type-mapper-ref="defaultMongoTypeMapper">
    </mongo:mapping-converter>

    <!-- Mongodb的模板 -->
    <bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
        <constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mongoDbFactory"/>
        <constructor-arg name="mongoConverter" ref="mappingConverter"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

mongo:mongo-client是定义MongoDB的客户端连接,需要hostport参数,如果需要账号密码的话,需要增加credentials配置

mongo:db-factory配置连接工厂,指定具体的连接数据库,本例默认为test

defaultMongoTypeMapper默认Mongodb类型映射

mongo:mapping-converterMongoDB的实体映射

mongoTemplate这是最主要的,定义模板类,依赖连接工厂和实体映射

这里举一个article的增删改查的例子。

相关实体Article.java

@Document(collection = "article_info")
public class Article {
    @Id
    private String id;//id
    @Field("title")
    private String title;//标题
    @Field("url")
    private String url;//链接
    @Field("author")
    private String author;//作者
    @Field("tags")
    private List<String> tags;//tag 标签
    @Field("visit_count")
    private Long visitCount;//访问次数
    @Field("add_time")
    private Date addTime;//添加时间
// get set方法省略

@Document(collection = "article_info")这个注解和Hibernate的注解Entiry非常相似,就是定义一个文档,对象MongoDB存储的Collection的名称是article_info

@Id指该字段是主键,不能缺少

@Field(“add_time”)指该字段映射MongoDB的实际字段,如果一致可以省略

ArticleRepository实际访问接口


@Repository("ArticleRepository")
public interface ArticleRepository extends PagingAndSortingRepository<Article, String> {

    //分页查询
    public Page<Article> findAll(Pageable pageable);


    //根据author查询
    public List<Article> findByAuthor(String author);
    
    //根据作者和标题查询
    public List<Article> findByAuthorAndTitle(String author, String title);
    
    //忽略参数大小写
    public List<Article> findByAuthorIgnoreCase(String author);
    
    //忽略所有参数大小写
    public List<Article> findByAuthorAndTitleAllIgnoreCase(String author, String title);
    
    //排序
    public List<Article> findByAuthorOrderByVisitCountDesc(String author);
    public List<Article> findByAuthorOrderByVisitCountAsc(String author);
    
    //自带排序条件
    public List<Article> findByAuthor(String author, Sort sort);
    
}

Spring的data repository封装了一套增删改查的方法,就和JPA实现的一样,ArticleRepository继承PagingAndSortingRepository,就集成了常用的增删改查方法,比如save、findOne、exists、findAll、delete等等,可以采用默认实现方式来完成常用的增删改查操作。

测试上述各个方法ArticleRepositoryTest.java

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:applicationContext-mongo.xml"})
public class ArticleRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private ArticleRepository articleRepository;

    /**
     * 新增记录
     */
    @Test
    public void add() {
        //增加一条记录
        Article article = new Article();
        article.setId("1");
        article.setTitle("MongoTemplate的基本使用");
        article.setAuthor("kcy");
        article.setUrl("http://jianshu.com/");
        article.setTags(Arrays.asList("java", "mongodb", "spring"));
        article.setVisitCount(0L);
        article.setAddTime(new Date());
        articleRepository.save(article);

        //批量添加
        List<Article> articles = new ArrayList<>(10);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Article article2 = new Article();
            article2.setId(String.valueOf(i + 1));
            article2.setTitle("MongoTemplate的基本使用");
            article2.setAuthor("kcy");
            article2.setUrl("http://jianshu.com" + i);
            article2.setTags(Arrays.asList("java", "mongodb", "spring"));
            article2.setVisitCount(0L);
            article2.setAddTime(new Date());
            articles.add(article2);
        }
        articleRepository.save(articles);
    }

    /**
     * 修改记录,修改id为1的访问次数+1
     */
    @Test
    public void update() {
        Article article = articleRepository.findOne("1");
        article.setVisitCount(article.getVisitCount() + 1);
        articleRepository.save(article);
    }

    /**
     * 批量修改,查看author为kcy的统一修改为kcy2
     */
    @Test
    public void batchUpdate() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthor("kcy");
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            article.setAuthor("kcy2");
        });
        articleRepository.save(articles);
    }

    /**
     * 删除记录,删除id为10的
     */
    @Test
    public void delete() {
        Article article = articleRepository.findOne("10");
        articleRepository.delete(article);
    }

    @Test
    public void batchDelete() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthor("kcy2");
        articleRepository.delete(articles);
    }

    /**
     * 查询所有
     *
     * @author 孔垂云
     */
    @Test
    public void findAll() {
        Iterable<Article> articles = articleRepository.findAll();
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            System.out.println(article.toString());
        });
    }

    /**
     * 根据author查询
     *
     * @author 孔垂云
     */
    @Test
    public void findByAuthor() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthor("kcy");
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            System.out.println(article.toString());
        });
    }

    /**
     * 按照author和title查询
     *
     * @author 孔垂云
     */
    @Test
    public void findByAuthorAndTitle() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthorAndTitle("kcy", "MongoTemplate的基本使用");
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            System.out.println(article.toString());
        });
    }

    /**
     * 根据作者查询,忽略大小写
     *
     * @author 孔垂云
     */
    @Test
    public void findByAuthorIgnoreCase() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthorIgnoreCase("JASON");
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            System.out.println(article.getId());
        });
    }

    /**
     * 忽略所有参数的大小写
     *
     * @author 孔垂云
     */
    @Test
    public void findByAuthorAndTitleAllIgnoreCase() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthorAndTitleAllIgnoreCase("KCY", "MONGOTEMPLATE的基本使用");
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            System.out.println(article.toString());
        });
    }

    /**
     * 根据author查询,并且以访问次数降序排序显示
     *
     * @author 孔垂云
     */
    @Test
    public void findByAuthorOrderByVisitCountDesc() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthorOrderByVisitCountDesc("kcy");
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            System.out.println(article.toString());
        });
    }


    /**
     * 根据作者查询,并且以访问次数升序排序显示
     *
     * @author 孔垂云
     */
    @Test
    public void findByAuthorOrderByVisitCountAsc() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthorOrderByVisitCountAsc("kcy");
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            System.out.println(article.toString());
        });
    }

    /**
     * 自带排序条件
     *
     * @author 孔垂云
     */
    @Test
    public void findByAuthorBySort() {
        List<Article> articles = articleRepository.findByAuthor("kcy", new Sort(Direction.ASC, "VisitCount"));
        articles.forEach(article -> {
            System.out.println(article.toString());
        });
    }

    /**
     * 分页查询所有,并且排序
     */
    @Test
    public void findByPage() {
        int page = 1;
        int size = 2;
        Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(page, size, new Sort(Direction.ASC, "VisitCount"));
        Page<Article> pageInfo = articleRepository.findAll(pageable);
        //总数量
        System.out.println(pageInfo.getTotalElements());
        //总页数
        System.out.println(pageInfo.getTotalPages());
        for (Article article : pageInfo.getContent()) {
            System.out.println(article.toString());
        }
    }
}

上面一段代码较长,基本上MongoDB常用的各种例子都讲清楚了,比如增加、批量增加、修改、删除、按id查找、按标题查询、分页等等。

源码下载

本工程详细源码

    原文作者:孔垂云
    原文地址: https://www.jianshu.com/p/cba5d31ea70e
    本文转自网络文章,转载此文章仅为分享知识,如有侵权,请联系博主进行删除。
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