Java线程:新特征-锁(下) (转)

在上文中提到了Lock接口以及对象,使用它,很优雅的控制了竞争资源的安全访问,但是这种锁不区分读写,称这种锁为普通锁。为了提高性能,Java提供了读写锁,在读的地方使用读锁,在写的地方使用写锁,灵活控制,在一定程度上提高了程序的执行效率。   Java中读写锁有个接口java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock,也有具体的实现ReentrantReadWriteLock,详细的API可以查看JavaAPI文档。   下面这个例子是上文例子的基础上,将普通锁改为读写锁,并添加账户余额查询的功能,代码如下:

package codeFromWeb;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;

/**
 * @echo 2014-4-9 Java线程:读写锁
 */
public class TestReadWriteLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建并发访问的账户
        MyCount2 myCount = new MyCount2("95599200901215522", 10000);
        // 创建一个锁对象
        ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock(false);
        // 创建一个线程池
        ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        // 创建一些并发访问用户,一个信用卡,存的存,取的取,好热闹啊
        User2 u1 = new User2("张三", myCount, -4000, lock, false);
        User2 u2 = new User2("张三他爹", myCount, 6000, lock, false);
        User2 u3 = new User2("张三他弟", myCount, -8000, lock, false);
        User2 u4 = new User2("张三", myCount, 800, lock, false);
        User2 u5 = new User2("张三他爹", myCount, 0, lock, true);
        // 在线程池中执行各个用户的操作
        pool.execute(u1);
        pool.execute(u2);
        pool.execute(u3);
        pool.execute(u4);
        pool.execute(u5);
        // 关闭线程池
        pool.shutdown();
    }
}

/**
 * 信用卡的用户
 */
class User2 implements Runnable {
    private String name; // 用户名
    private MyCount2 myCount; // 所要操作的账户
    private int iocash; // 操作的金额,当然有正负之分了
    private ReadWriteLock myLock; // 执行操作所需的锁对象
    private boolean ischeck; // 是否查询

    User2(String name, MyCount2 myCount, int iocash, ReadWriteLock myLock,
            boolean ischeck) {
        this.name = name;
        this.myCount = myCount;
        this.iocash = iocash;
        this.myLock = myLock;
        this.ischeck = ischeck;
    }

    public void run() {
        if (ischeck) {
            // 获取读锁
            myLock.readLock().lock();
            System.out.println("读:" + name + "正在查询" + myCount + "账户,当前金额为"
                    + myCount.getCash());
            // 释放读锁
            myLock.readLock().unlock();
        } else {
            // 获取写锁
            myLock.writeLock().lock();
            // 执行现金业务
            System.out.println("写:" + name + "正在操作" + myCount + "账户,金额为"
                    + iocash + ",当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
            myCount.setCash(myCount.getCash() + iocash);
            System.out.println("写:" + name + "操作" + myCount + "账户成功,金额为"
                    + iocash + ",当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
            // 释放写锁
            myLock.writeLock().unlock();
        }
    }
}

/**
 * 信用卡账户,可随意透支
 */
class MyCount2 {
    private String oid; // 账号
    private int cash; // 账户余额

    MyCount2(String oid, int cash) {
        this.oid = oid;
        this.cash = cash;
    }

    public String getOid() {
        return oid;
    }

    public void setOid(String oid) {
        this.oid = oid;
    }

    public int getCash() {
        return cash;
    }

    public void setCash(int cash) {
        this.cash = cash;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "MyCount{" + "oid='" + oid + '\'' + ", cash=" + cash + '}';
    }
}
写:张三正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=10000}账户,金额为-4000,当前金额为10000
写:张三操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=6000}账户成功,金额为-4000,当前金额为6000
写:张三他爹正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=6000}账户,金额为6000,当前金额为6000
写:张三他爹操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=12000}账户成功,金额为6000,当前金额为12000
写:张三正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=12000}账户,金额为800,当前金额为12000
写:张三操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=12800}账户成功,金额为800,当前金额为12800
写:张三他弟正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=12800}账户,金额为-8000,当前金额为12800
写:张三他弟操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=4800}账户成功,金额为-8000,当前金额为4800
读:张三他爹正在查询MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=4800}账户,当前金额为4800

在实际开发中,最好在能用读写锁的情况下使用读写锁,而不要用普通锁,以求更好的性能。

 

 

    原文作者:java锁
    原文地址: https://www.cnblogs.com/echolxl/articles/3656288.html
    本文转自网络文章,转载此文章仅为分享知识,如有侵权,请联系博主进行删除。
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