迪米特法则(Law of Demeter,简称LoD) 低耦合,一个对象应该对其他对象保持最少的了解(中介者模式就是这个的应用)
- 核心思想: 类间解耦。
- 通俗来讲: 一个类对自己依赖的类知道的越少越好。自从我们接触编程开始,就知道了软件编程的总的原则:低耦合,高内聚。无论是面向过程编程还是面向对象编程,只有使各个模块之间的耦合尽量的低,才能提高代码的复用率。低耦合的优点不言而喻,但是怎么样编程才能做到低耦合呢?那正是迪米特法则要去完成的。
错误示范:
public class Teacher { public void command(){ //耦合了student类 List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>(); for(int i=0; i<20; i++){ students.add(new Student()); } //耦合了studentleader类 StudentLeader leader = new StudentLeader(); System.out.println("清点人数完毕,总共有:"+leader.counts(students)+"人"); } } public class Student { } //班干部负责清点人数 public class StudentLeader { public int counts(List<Student> lists){ return lists.size(); } }
public class Client{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.println("周末收假,学校领导命令老师去点名....."); Teacher teacher = new Teacher(); teacher.command(); } }
正确示范:
public class LODTeacher { //仅仅耦合了LODStudentLeader类 public void command(LODStudentLeader leader){ System.out.println("清点人数完毕,总共有:"+leader.counts()+"人"); } } public class LODStudentLeader { //仅仅耦合了student类 private List<Student> students; public LODStudentLeader(List<Student> students){ this.students = students; } public int counts(){ return students.size(); } } public class TaskTest { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("周末收假,学校领导命令老师去点名....."); List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>(); for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++ ){ students.add(new Student()); } LODTeacher teacher = new LODTeacher(); teacher.command(new LODStudentLeader(students)); } }