安装环境或方式
环境： centos7_64
安装方式：官网下载安装mysql-server
ps:mysql安装其实不难，但是并没有把步骤记下来，所以我把安装的步骤整理出来方便以后使用
安装mysql
顺序执行下列语句
[root@db01 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install mysql-community-server
配置mysql
- 配置编码格式
/etc/my.cnf 最后面添加 default-character-set =utf8
default-character-set =utf8 - 设置密码
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
- 新建用户
mysql> create user 'hdfs'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- 表的所有权限赋值给位于所有IP地址的root用户
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- 刷新修改
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
安装过程日志
[root@db01 mysql]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
--2019-02-13 10:04:20-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... dRead error (Connection reset by peer) in headers.
Retrying.
--2019-02-13 10:04:31-- (try: 2) http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [following]
--2019-02-13 10:04:34-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [following]
--2019-02-13 10:04:36-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 173.223.96.113
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|173.223.96.113|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 6140 (6.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm’
100%[==========================================================================>] 6,140 --.-K/s in 0s
2019-02-13 10:04:38 (34.2 MB/s) - ‘mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm’ saved [6140/6140]
[root@db01 mysql]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6140 Nov 12 2015 mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
[root@db01 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]
[root@db01 mysql]# yum install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 68490.
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 36 M RSS (860 MB VSZ)
Started: Wed Feb 13 10:04:58 2019 - 00:07 ago
State : Running, pid: 68490
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 44 M RSS (868 MB VSZ)
Started: Wed Feb 13 10:04:58 2019 - 00:09 ago
State : Sleeping, pid: 68490
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 47 M RSS (872 MB VSZ)
Started: Wed Feb 13 10:04:58 2019 - 00:11 ago
State : Sleeping, pid: 68490
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 47 M RSS (872 MB VSZ)
Started: Wed Feb 13 10:04:58 2019 - 00:13 ago
State : Sleeping, pid: 68490
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.cn99.com
* extras: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.43-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
====================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.43-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.43-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.43-2.el7 mysql56-community 20 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.43-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================
Install 2 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 81 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/4): mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 257 kB 00:00:03
(2/4): mysql-community-libs-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:40
(3/4): mysql-community-client-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 20 MB 00:06:53
(4/4): mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 59 MB 00:27:40
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 49 kB/s | 81 MB 00:28:25
Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
Package : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed)
From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 1/5
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 2/5
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 3/5
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 4/5
Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 5/5
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 1/5
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 2/5
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 3/5
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 4/5
Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 5/5
Installed:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7
Replaced:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5
Complete!
[root@db01 mysql]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6140 Nov 12 2015 mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
[root@db01 mysql]# service mysqld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
s[root@db01 mysql]# mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
可能遇到的问题
连接mysql报错
在退出来重新连接mysql的时候报错，无论是用root还是新建的用户hdfs,看起来像是密码没有生效
[root@db01 hdfs]# mysql -uhdfs -p'123456'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'hdfs'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
通过查阅资料，发现这个错误一般是由密码错误引起，解决的办法自然就是重置密码。在这之前我也重置过密码，至于为什么没生效搞懂，应该是方法不对，所以在规范了重置密码后这个问题就解决了
现在连mysql都连接不上，更谈不上重置密码之类的操作了（也许有方法直接重置，但是我母鸡啊）
那么就要通过一下步骤来重置密码了
- MySQL的密码认证过程
[root@db01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
在文件中 [mysqld] 下添加 skip-grant-tables #添加跳过密码验证的语句
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables #添加跳过密码验证的语句
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Recommended in standard MySQL setup
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
default-character-set =utf8
wq 保存文档并退出
接下来
service mysqld restart #重启mysql 有些用 service mysql restart
mysql #免密码登陆
use mysql; 切换数据库
update user set password=password(“123456″) where user=”root”; #修改密码
flush privileges; #刷新修改
quit ；#退出
操作如下
[root@db01 mysql]# service mysqld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@db01 mysql]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 5 Changed: 5 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
接下来my.cnf,去掉或者注释掉刚才添加的内容，保存退出
[mysqld]
# skip-grant-tables #添加跳过密码验证的语句
重新启动mysql
[root@db01 mysql]# service mysqld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@db01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> exit
Bye
登陆输入用户密码登陆mysql成功
远程连接mysql失败
我的工作环境是windows,通过远程工具连接mysql发现连接失败
在windows下ping远程ip192.168.45.161可以ping通，但是telnet 192.168.45.161 3306确失败了
说明远程端口3306没有开放
所以我们需要开放这个端口
- 查看防火墙状态
systemctl status firewalld
[root@db01 sysconfig]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-02-12 17:54:57 CST; 1 day 21h ago
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Main PID: 6201 (firewalld)
Tasks: 2
CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
└─6201 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
- 如果没有开启则开启防火墙
systemctl start firewalld
systemctl start firewalld
- 开放端口
// --permanent 永久生效,没有此参数重启后失效
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent #开放一个指定端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1000-2000/tcp --permanent #开放一个范围端口
firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=3306/tcp –permanent
[root@db01 sysconfig]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
- 重启防火墙并查看端口情况
[root@db01 sysconfig]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@db01 sysconfig]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=3306/tcp
yes
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