栈是最重要的数据结构之一，所以的函数调用都要用到它，只不过是系统在管理，并且栈在解决实际问题中也很重要。下面贴出常见的对栈的操作。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <assert.h>

#define STACKSIZE 3
#define OK 1
#define NOK 0

typedef int dataType;
typedef int status;
typedef struct stack* stackPtr;
struct stack
{
    dataType *base;
    int top;
    int size;
};

/**************function****************/

status initializeStack(stackPtr dataStack)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    dataStack->base = (dataType*)malloc((sizeof(dataType) * STACKSIZE));
    assert(dataStack->base);
    dataStack->top = 0;
    dataStack->size = STACKSIZE;
    return OK;
}

status destroyStack(stackPtr dataStack)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    free(dataStack->base);
    dataStack->base = NULL;
	printf("the stack is destroied\n");
	printf("(- _ -)\n");
    return OK;
}

status clearStack(stackPtr dataStack)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    dataStack->top = 0;
    return OK;
}

status isEmptyStack(stackPtr dataStack)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    return ((0 == dataStack->top) ? OK : NOK);
}

status isFullStack(stackPtr dataStack)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    return ((dataStack->size== dataStack->top) ? OK : NOK);
}

int lengthStack(stackPtr dataStack)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    return dataStack->top;
}

status getTopNumber(stackPtr dataStack, dataType *dataOutput)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    assert(dataOutput);
    int temp = dataStack->top - 1;
    *dataOutput = (dataStack->base)[temp];
    return OK;
}

status pushStack(stackPtr dataStack, dataType dataInput)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    if(isFullStack(dataStack))
    {
        printf(" the stack is full in pushStack\n");
        return -1;
    }
    (dataStack->base)[dataStack->top++] = dataInput;
    return OK;
}

status popStack(stackPtr dataStack, dataType *dataOutput)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    assert(dataOutput);
    if(isEmptyStack(dataStack))
    {
        printf(" the stack is null in popStack\n");
        return -1;
    }
    *dataOutput = (dataStack->base)[--dataStack->top];
    return OK;
}

status traversalStack(stackPtr dataStack)
{
    assert(dataStack);
    assert(dataStack->base);
    int index = 0;
    while(index < dataStack->top)
    {
        printf("%d  ", dataStack->base[index]);
        index++;
    }
    printf("\n");
    return OK;
}

int main(void)
{
    struct stack stackInMain;
	dataType output;
	int length;
    if(OK != initializeStack(&stackInMain))
    {
        printf("error for function initializeStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }
    if(OK != isEmptyStack(&stackInMain))
    {
        printf("the stack is not empty in main\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("the stack is empty\n");
    }
    if(OK != pushStack(&stackInMain, 10))
    {
        printf("error for function pushStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }	

    if(OK != isEmptyStack(&stackInMain))
    {
        printf("the stack is not empty in main\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("the stack is empty\n");
    }	
	
	if(OK == getTopNumber(&stackInMain, &output))
    {
        printf("output[%d]\n",output);
    }
    if(OK != clearStack(&stackInMain))
    {
        printf("error for function clearStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }	
   if(OK != isEmptyStack(&stackInMain))
    {
        printf("the stack is not empty in main\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("the stack is empty\n");
    }
    if(OK != pushStack(&stackInMain, 8))
    {
        printf("error for function pushStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }
    if(OK != pushStack(&stackInMain, 6))
    {
        printf("error for function pushStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }	
    if(OK != pushStack(&stackInMain, 4))
    {
        printf("error for function pushStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }		
   if(OK != isFullStack(&stackInMain))
    {
        printf("the stack is not full in main\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("the stack is full\n");
    }	
	length = lengthStack(&stackInMain);
	printf("length[%d]\n",length);
    if(OK != traversalStack(&stackInMain))
    {
        printf("error for function traversalStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }	
    if(OK != destroyStack(&stackInMain))
    {
        printf("error for function destroyStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }	
    if(OK != pushStack(&stackInMain, 12))
    {
        printf("error for function pushStack in main\n");
        return -1;
    }		
    return 0;
}