Demo1
实验拓扑如下：
配置两台PC机
配置两台路由器
R1
<Huawei>
<Huawei>system-view //进入用户视图
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1 //修改路由名称为R1
[R1]
[R1]int g 0/0/0 //进入g0/0/0接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.10.1 24 //配置IP
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shut //开启
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q //返回普通视图
[R1]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]
R2
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]
[R2]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]int LoopBack 0 //进入回环网卡lo0中（且回环网卡不需要undo shut）
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2
[R2-LoopBack0]q
[R2]此时，虽然两台路由均在接口上配置了IP地址，但由于存在多网段，所以仍需要配置静态/默认路由。
R1配置默认路由
[R1]
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.2 //允许所有网段通过
[R1]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis ip routing
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 7 Routes : 7
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.10.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.10.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]R2配置静态路由
[R2]
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 12.0.0.1 //学习10.0网段
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis ip routing
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 6 Routes : 6
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]实验结果验证
PC>ping 192.168.10.20 //联通另一台PC机
Ping 192.168.10.20: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.20: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.10.20: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=31 ms
--- 192.168.10.20 ping statistics ---
2 packet(s) transmitted
2 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/39/47 ms
PC>ping 2.2.2.2 //尝试联通不同网段的Lo0回环网卡
Ping 2.2.2.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 2.2.2.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=78 ms
From 2.2.2.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=78 ms
From 2.2.2.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=594 ms
From 2.2.2.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=78 ms
From 2.2.2.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=62 ms
--- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 62/178/594 ms
PC>Demo2
实验拓扑如下
给三台交换机各接口配置IP，及Lo0网卡的配置
R3
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 13.0.0.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R3]
[R3]int loo 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32
[R3-LoopBack0]q
[R3]R4
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R4
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R4]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.0.0.2 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R4]int LoopBack 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]R5
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R5
[R5]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 13.0.0.3 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R5]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.0.0.3 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R5]int loo 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32
[R5-LoopBack0]q
[R5]为三台交换机配置静态路由
R3
[R3]
[R3]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 13.0.0.3
[R3]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 12.0.0.2
[R3]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 13.0.0.3
[R3]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 12.0.0.2
[R3]dis ip routing
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 11
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
2.2.2.2/32 Static 60 0 RD 13.0.0.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
Static 60 0 RD 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 Static 60 0 RD 13.0.0.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
Static 60 0 RD 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
13.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 13.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
13.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R3]R4
[R4]
[R4]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 12.0.0.1
[R4]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 23.0.0.3
[R4]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 12.0.0.1
[R4]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 23.0.0.3
[R4]dis ip routing
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 11
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 RD 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 23.0.0.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
3.3.3.3/32 Static 60 0 RD 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 23.0.0.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R4]R5
[R5]
[R5]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 13.0.0.1
[R5]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 23.0.0.2
[R5]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 13.0.0.1
[R5]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 23.0.0.2
[R5]dis ip routing
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 11
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 RD 13.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 Static 60 0 RD 13.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
13.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 13.0.0.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
13.0.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R5]实验结果验证
#R3
[R3]ping 3.3.3.3
PING 3.3.3.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=40 ms
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=10 ms
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=40 ms
--- 3.3.3.3 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 10/32/50 ms
[R3]
#R4
[R4]ping 1.1.1.1
PING 1.1.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=80 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=50 ms
--- 1.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/52/80 ms
[R4]
#R5
[R5]ping 1.1.1.1
PING 1.1.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms
--- 1.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
4 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 50/50/50 ms
[R5]