引言
Android中,我们在线程之间通信传递通常采用Android的消息机制,而这机制传递的正是Message。
通常,我们使用Message.obtain()和Handler.obtainMessage()从Message Pool中获取Message,避免直接构造Message。
- 那么Android会否因为Message Pool缓存的Message对象而造成OOM呢?
对于这个问题,我可以明确的说APP***不会因Message Pool而OOM***。至于为什么,可以一步步往下看,心急的可以直接看最后一节——Message Pool如何存放Message。
Obtain分析
/** * Returns a new {@link android.os.Message Message} from the global message pool. More efficient than * creating and allocating new instances. The retrieved message has its handler set to this instance (Message.target == this). * If you don't want that facility, just call Message.obtain() instead. */
public final Message obtainMessage()
{
return Message.obtain(this);
}
显然,Handler.obtain()是调用Message.obtain()来获取的。那么我门再来看下Message.obtain()源码
/** * Return a new Message instance from the global pool. Allows us to * avoid allocating new objects in many cases. */
public static Message obtain() {
synchronized (sPoolSync) {
if (sPool != null) {
Message m = sPool;
sPool = m.next;
m.next = null;
m.flags = 0; // clear in-use flag
sPoolSize--;
return m;
}
}
return new Message();
}
上述代码给我们透露几个个关键信息:
1. 学过一点数据结构的,从上面的代码片基本就能推断出sPool是一个链表结构,另外sPool本身就是Message。
2. 若链表sPool不为空,那么obtain()方法会从链表sPool头部取出一个Message对象赋值给m,并作为返回值返回;否则,直接new一个Message对象。
剧透下这里的sPool其实就是Message Pool
Message Pool相关源码分析
Message Pool数据结构
public final class Message implements Parcelable {
// sometimes we store linked lists of these things
/*package*/ Message next;
private static final Object sPoolSync = new Object();
private static Message sPool;
private static int sPoolSize = 0;
private static final int MAX_POOL_SIZE = 50;
}
看到关键信息了没?Message的成员有next、sPool和sPoolSize,这对于稍微学过一点数据结构的,很快就能推断出这是一个典型的链表结构的实现。sPool就是一个全局的消息池即链表,next记录链表中的下一个元素,sPoolSize记录链表长度,MAX_POOL_SIZE表示链表的最大长度为50。
Message Pool如何存放Message
public final class Message implements Parcelable {
private static boolean gCheckRecycle = true;
/** @hide */
public static void updateCheckRecycle(int targetSdkVersion) {
if (targetSdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
gCheckRecycle = false;
}
}
/** * Return a Message instance to the global pool. * <p> * You MUST NOT touch the Message after calling this function because it has * effectively been freed. It is an error to recycle a message that is currently * enqueued or that is in the process of being delivered to a Handler. * </p> */
public void recycle() {
if (isInUse()) {
if (gCheckRecycle) {
throw new IllegalStateException("This message cannot be recycled because it "
+ "is still in use.");
}
return;
}
recycleUnchecked();
}
/** * Recycles a Message that may be in-use. * Used internally by the MessageQueue and Looper when disposing of queued Messages. */
void recycleUnchecked() {
// Mark the message as in use while it remains in the recycled object pool.
// Clear out all other details.
flags = FLAG_IN_USE;
what = 0;
arg1 = 0;
arg2 = 0;
obj = null;
replyTo = null;
sendingUid = -1;
when = 0;
target = null;
callback = null;
data = null;
synchronized (sPoolSync) {
if (sPoolSize < MAX_POOL_SIZE) {
next = sPool;
sPool = this;
sPoolSize++;
}
}
}
}
从代码分析上看,消息池存放的核心方法就是上面的recycleUnchecked()方法:
- 将待回收的Message对象字段置空(避免因Message过大,使静态的消息池内存泄漏)。因此无论原先的Message对象有多大,最终被缓存进Message Pool前都被置空,那么这些缓存的Message对象所占内存大小对于一个app内存来说基本可以忽略。所以说,Message Pool并不会造成App的OOM。
- 以内置锁的方式(线程安全),判断当前线程池的大小是否小于50。若小于50,直接将Mesaage插入到消息池链表尾部;若大于等于50,则直接丢弃掉,那么这些被丢弃的Message将交由GC处理。
总结
Message Pool是一个链表的数据结构,本身就是Message中的静态成员sPool(注,也是Message)
Message Pool不会因为缓存Message对象而造成OOM。