实际开发中可以利用javaAPI去操作控制Hbase

【准备】
1：开启集群，一次开启（zookeeper，hdfs，hbase）
2：创建项目，导入jar
3：代码实现

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTableInterface;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTablePool;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class HbaseDemo {
    private Configuration conf = null;
    
    @Before
    public void init(){
        conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "hadoop2004:2181,hadoop2005:2181,hadoop2006:2181");
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testPut() throws Exception{
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, "tab_dog");
        Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("rk0001"));
        put.add(Bytes.toBytes("info"),Bytes.toBytes("name"),Bytes.toBytes("旺财"));
        put.add(Bytes.toBytes("info"),Bytes.toBytes("age"),Bytes.toBytes("3"));
        put.add(Bytes.toBytes("info"),Bytes.toBytes("sex"),Bytes.toBytes("boy"));
        table.put(put);
        table.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll() throws Exception{
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, "tab_dog");
        List<Put> puts = new ArrayList<Put>(10000);
        for(int i=0 ; i<1000000; i++){
            Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("rk"+i));
            put.add(Bytes.toBytes("info"), Bytes.toBytes("sal"), Bytes.toBytes(""+i));
            puts.add(put);
            //这里防止数据量过大，内存溢出，所以10000条就插入一次，分批插入
            if(i % 10000 == 0){
                table.put(puts);
                puts = new ArrayList<Put>(10000);
            }
        }
        table.put(puts);
        table.close();
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testGet() throws Exception{
        //HTablePool pool = new HTablePool(conf, 10);
        //HTable table = (HTable) pool.getTable("user");
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, "tab_dog");
        Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("rk0001"));
        //get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("info"), Bytes.toBytes("name"));
        get.setMaxVersions(5);
        Result result = table.get(get);
        //result.getValue(family, qualifier)
        
        for(KeyValue kv: result.list()){
            String family = new String(kv.getFamily());
            String qualifier = new String(kv.getQualifier());
            String value = new String(kv.getValue());
            System.out.println(family + " " + qualifier + " : "+ value);            
        }
        table.close();
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testScan() throws Exception{
        HTablePool pool = new HTablePool(conf,1000);
        HTableInterface table = pool.getTable("user");
        Scan scan = new Scan(Bytes.toBytes("rk0001"),Bytes.toBytes("rk0002"));
        scan.addFamily(Bytes.toBytes("info"));
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result r : scanner){
            byte[] name = r.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info"), Bytes.toBytes("name"));
            byte[] age = r.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info"), Bytes.toBytes("age"));
            byte[] sex = r.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info"), Bytes.toBytes("sex"));
            System.out.println(new String(name) + " : " + new String(age) + " : " + new String(sex));
        }
        pool.close();
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testDel() throws Exception{
        HTable table = new HTable(conf,"tab_dog");
        Delete del = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes("rk0001"));
        del.deleteColumn(Bytes.toBytes("info"), Bytes.toBytes("name"));
        table.delete(del);
        table.close();
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testDrop() throws Exception{
        HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
        admin.disableTable("tab_dog");
        admin.deleteTable("tab_dog");
        admin.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testCreate() throws Exception {     
        //设置操作用户（建表要有用户，谁建的）
        HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);        
        //创建表信息（表名）
        HTableDescriptor desc = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf("tab_dog"));
        //创建列族
        HColumnDescriptor cd = new HColumnDescriptor("info");
        cd.setMaxVersions(10);
        //添加列族
        desc.addFamily(cd); 
        //创建表
        admin.createTable(desc);
        admin.close();
    }
}

2016-12-23_175418.png

/*
 * 创建一个students表,并进行相关操作
 */
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
 
public class HBaseJavaAPI {
    // 声明静态配置
    private static Configuration conf = null;
 
    static {
        conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.6.91");
        conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
    }
 
    //判断表是否存在
    private static boolean isExist(String tableName) throws IOException {
        HBaseAdmin hAdmin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
        return hAdmin.tableExists(tableName);
    }
 
    // 创建数据库表
    public static void createTable(String tableName, String[] columnFamilys)
            throws Exception {
        // 新建一个数据库管理员
        HBaseAdmin hAdmin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
        if (hAdmin.tableExists(tableName)) {
            System.out.println("表 "+tableName+" 已存在！");
            System.exit(0);
        } else {
            // 新建一个students表的描述
            HTableDescriptor tableDesc = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
            // 在描述里添加列族
            for (String columnFamily : columnFamilys) {
                tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(columnFamily));
            }
            // 根据配置好的描述建表
            hAdmin.createTable(tableDesc);
            System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 成功!");
        }
    }
 
    // 删除数据库表
    public static void deleteTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
        // 新建一个数据库管理员
        HBaseAdmin hAdmin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
        if (hAdmin.tableExists(tableName)) {
            // 关闭一个表
            hAdmin.disableTable(tableName);
            hAdmin.deleteTable(tableName);
            System.out.println("删除表 "+tableName+" 成功！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("删除的表 "+tableName+" 不存在！");
            System.exit(0);
        }
    }
 
    // 添加一条数据
    public static void addRow(String tableName, String row,
            String columnFamily, String column, String value) throws Exception {
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(row));// 指定行
        // 参数分别:列族、列、值
        put.add(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily), Bytes.toBytes(column),
                Bytes.toBytes(value));
        table.put(put);
    }
 
    // 删除一条(行)数据
    public static void delRow(String tableName, String row) throws Exception {
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        Delete del = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(row));
        table.delete(del);
    }
 
    // 删除多条数据
    public static void delMultiRows(String tableName, String[] rows)
            throws Exception {
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        List<Delete> delList = new ArrayList<Delete>();
        for (String row : rows) {
            Delete del = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(row));
            delList.add(del);
        }
        table.delete(delList);
    }
 
    // 获取一条数据
    public static void getRow(String tableName, String row) throws Exception {
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(row));
        Result result = table.get(get);
        // 输出结果,raw方法返回所有keyvalue数组
        for (KeyValue rowKV : result.raw()) {
            System.out.print("行名:" + new String(rowKV.getRow()) + " ");
            System.out.print("时间戳:" + rowKV.getTimestamp() + " ");
            System.out.print("列族名:" + new String(rowKV.getFamily()) + " ");
            System.out.print("列名:" + new String(rowKV.getQualifier()) + " ");
            System.out.println("值:" + new String(rowKV.getValue()));
        }
    }
 
    // 获取所有数据
    public static void getAllRows(String tableName) throws Exception {
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner results = table.getScanner(scan);
        // 输出结果
        for (Result result : results) {
            for (KeyValue rowKV : result.raw()) {
                System.out.print("行名:" + new String(rowKV.getRow()) + " ");
                System.out.print("时间戳:" + rowKV.getTimestamp() + " ");
                System.out.print("列族名:" + new String(rowKV.getFamily()) + " ");
                System.out
                        .print("列名:" + new String(rowKV.getQualifier()) + " ");
                System.out.println("值:" + new String(rowKV.getValue()));
            }
        }
    }
 
    // 主函数
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            String tableName = "student";
            // 第一步：创建数据库表：“student”
            String[] columnFamilys = { "info", "course" };
            HBaseJavaAPI.createTable(tableName, columnFamilys);
            // 第二步：向数据表的添加数据
            // 添加第一行数据
            if (isExist(tableName)) {
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "zpc", "info", "age", "20");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "zpc", "info", "sex", "boy");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "zpc", "course", "china", "97");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "zpc", "course", "math", "128");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "zpc", "course", "english", "85");
                // 添加第二行数据
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "henjun", "info", "age", "19");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">henjun</span>", "info", "sex", "boy");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "henjun", "course", "china","90");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "henjun", "course", "math","120");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "henjun", "course", "english","90");
                // 添加第三行数据
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "niaopeng", "info", "age", "18");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">niaopeng</span>", "info", "sex","girl");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "niaopeng", "course", "china","100");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "niaopeng", "course", "math","100");
                HBaseJavaAPI.addRow(tableName, "niaopeng", "course", "english","99");
                // 第三步：获取一条数据
                System.out.println("**************获取一条(zpc)数据*************");
                HBaseJavaAPI.getRow(tableName, "zpc");
                // 第四步：获取所有数据
                System.out.println("**************获取所有数据***************");
                HBaseJavaAPI.getAllRows(tableName);
 
                // 第五步：删除一条数据
                System.out.println("************删除一条(zpc)数据************");
                HBaseJavaAPI.delRow(tableName, "zpc");
                HBaseJavaAPI.getAllRows(tableName);
                // 第六步：删除多条数据
                System.out.println("**************删除多条数据***************");
                String rows[] = new String[] { "qingqing","xiaoxue" };
                HBaseJavaAPI.delMultiRows(tableName, rows);
                HBaseJavaAPI.getAllRows(tableName);
                // 第七步：删除数据库
                System.out.println("***************删除数据库表**************");
                HBaseJavaAPI.deleteTable(tableName);
                System.out.println("表"+tableName+"存在吗？"+isExist(tableName));
            } else {
                System.out.println(tableName + "此数据库表不存在！");
            }
 
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
}