spring – 使用ThreadPoolTask​​Executor在特定日期调用方法

2023年9月11日 238次阅读

我有一个方法,我希望使用 Spring运行一次,它需要在给定的java.util.Date(或者替代LocalDateTime)上运行.我计划将该方法应执行的所有日期保留到数据源.它应该异步运行.

一种方法是每天检查DB以获取日期,如果日期已经过去且尚未执行,则执行该方法.有没有更好的办法？

我知道Spring提供了ThreadPoolTask​​Scheduler和ThreadPoolTask​​Executor.我正在从TaskScheduler接口查看ScheduledFuture调度(Runnable task,Date startTime).我是否需要创建一个Runnable Spring托管bean来调用我的方法？或者是否有更简单的注释可以做到这一点？一个例子真的会有所帮助.

(Looked here too.)

最佳答案 通过将预定日期外部化(到数据库),典型的调度实践(即基于cron或固定调度)不再适用.给定目标日期,您可以准确地安排任务,如下所示：

Date now = new Date();
Date next = ... get next date from external source ...
long delay = next.getTime() - now.getTime();
scheduler.schedule(Runnable task, delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

剩下的就是创建一种有效的方法来分派每个新任务.
以下是TaskDispatcher线程,它根据下一个java.util.Date(您从数据库中读取)调度每个Task.没有必要每天检查;这种方法足够灵活,可以与存储在数据库中的任何调度方案一起使用.

接下来是工作代码来说明方法.

使用的示例任务;在这种情况下,只是睡了一段时间.任务完成后,TaskDispatcher将通过CountDownLatch发出信号.

public class Task implements Runnable {

    private final CountDownLatch completion;
    public Task(CountDownLatch completion) {
        this.completion = completion;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("Doing task");
        try {
            Thread.sleep(60*1000);  // Simulate the job taking 60 seconds
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        completion.countDown();     // Signal that the job is complete
    }

}

调度程序负责读取下一个计划日期的数据库,启动ScheduledFuture runnable,并等待任务完成.

public class TaskDispatcher implements Runnable {

    private static final ScheduledExecutorService scheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
    private boolean isInterrupted = false;

    @Override
    public void run() {

        while (!isInterrupted) {

            Date now = new Date();

            System.out.println("Reading database for next date");
            Date next = ... read next data from database ...

            //Date next = new Date();   // Used as test
            //next.setTime(now.getTime()+10*1000); // Used as test

            long delay = next.getTime() - now.getTime();
            System.out.println("Scheduling next task with delay="+delay);

            CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
            ScheduledFuture<?> countdown = scheduler.schedule(new Task(latch), delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

            try {
                System.out.println("Blocking until the current job has completed");
                latch.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                System.out.println("Thread has been requested to stop");
                isInterrupted = true;
            }
            if (!isInterrupted)
                System.out.println("Job has completed normally");
        }

        scheduler.shutdown();

    }

}

TaskDispatcher启动如下(使用Spring Boot) – 像往常一样使用Spring启动线程：

@Bean
public TaskExecutor taskExecutor() {
    return new SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor(); // Or use another one of your liking
}

@Bean
public CommandLineRunner schedulingRunner(TaskExecutor executor) {
    return new CommandLineRunner() {
        public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
            executor.execute(new TaskDispatcher());
        }
    };
}

如果这种方法适用于您的用例,请告诉我.

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