Pymongo 使用流程

使用语言: python3.6
环境 ： Windows 10，Docker（Mongodb）

0 安装##

pip install pymongo

1.链接

import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
client=MongoClient("localhost",27017)

2.获取 databases 链接

db = client['test-database']

3.获取 一个 Collection

collection = db['test-collection']

4.Documents

import datetime
post = {"author": "Mike",
       "text": "My first blog post!",
       "tags": ["mongodb", "python", "pymongo"],
       "date": datetime.datetime.utcnow()}

5 插入单个数据

posts = db.posts
post_id = posts.insert_one(post).inserted_id

print(post_id)

59be0170bf94d71efc40a7ce

获取 collections 名称

db.collection_names(include_system_collections=False)

['posts']

6. 获取单个数据

import pprint
pprint.pprint(posts.find_one())

{'_id': ObjectId('59be0170bf94d71efc40a7ce'),
 'author': 'Mike',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 17, 5, 0, 31, 418000),
 'tags': ['mongodb', 'python', 'pymongo'],
 'text': 'My first blog post!'}

7.条件查询单个数据

 pprint.pprint(posts.find_one({"author": "Mike"}))

{'_id': ObjectId('59be0170bf94d71efc40a7ce'),
 'author': 'Mike',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 17, 5, 0, 31, 418000),
 'tags': ['mongodb', 'python', 'pymongo'],
 'text': 'My first blog post!'}

posts.find_one({"author": "Eliot"})

8 根据 ID 查询

print(post_id)

59be0170bf94d71efc40a7ce

pprint.pprint(posts.find_one({"_id": post_id}))

{'_id': ObjectId('59be0170bf94d71efc40a7ce'),
 'author': 'Mike',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 17, 5, 0, 31, 418000),
 'tags': ['mongodb', 'python', 'pymongo'],
 'text': 'My first blog post!'}

id 不是字符串

post_id_as_str = str(post_id)
posts.find_one({"_id": post_id_as_str})

from bson.objectid import ObjectId
def get(post_id):
    # Convert from string to ObjectId:
    document = client.db.collection.find_one({'_id': ObjectId(post_id)})

print(get(post_id))

None

post_id

ObjectId('59be0170bf94d71efc40a7ce')

9 批量插入

new_posts = [{"author": "Mike",
               "text": "Another post!",
               "tags": ["bulk", "insert"],
               "date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 11, 14)},
              {"author": "Eliot",
               "title": "MongoDB is fun",
              "text": "and pretty easy too!",
               "date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 10, 10, 45)}]

result = posts.insert_many(new_posts)

result.inserted_ids

[ObjectId('59be0175bf94d71efc40a7cf'), ObjectId('59be0175bf94d71efc40a7d0')]

10 查询多个数据

for post in posts.find():
    pprint.pprint(post)

{'_id': ObjectId('59be0170bf94d71efc40a7ce'),
 'author': 'Mike',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 17, 5, 0, 31, 418000),
 'tags': ['mongodb', 'python', 'pymongo'],
 'text': 'My first blog post!'}
{'_id': ObjectId('59be0175bf94d71efc40a7cf'),
 'author': 'Mike',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 11, 14),
 'tags': ['bulk', 'insert'],
 'text': 'Another post!'}
{'_id': ObjectId('59be0175bf94d71efc40a7d0'),
 'author': 'Eliot',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 10, 10, 45),
 'text': 'and pretty easy too!',
 'title': 'MongoDB is fun'}

11 多个数据条件查询

for post in posts.find({"author": "Mike"}):
    pprint.pprint(post)

{'_id': ObjectId('59be0170bf94d71efc40a7ce'),
 'author': 'Mike',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 17, 5, 0, 31, 418000),
 'tags': ['mongodb', 'python', 'pymongo'],
 'text': 'My first blog post!'}
{'_id': ObjectId('59be0175bf94d71efc40a7cf'),
 'author': 'Mike',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 11, 14),
 'tags': ['bulk', 'insert'],
 'text': 'Another post!'}

12 计数

posts.count()

3

13 条件计数

posts.find({"author": "Mike"}).count()

2

14 范围查询

d = datetime.datetime(2015, 11, 12, 12)
for post in posts.find({"date": {"$lt": d}}).sort("author"):
    pprint.pprint(post)

{'_id': ObjectId('59be0175bf94d71efc40a7d0'),
 'author': 'Eliot',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 10, 10, 45),
 'text': 'and pretty easy too!',
 'title': 'MongoDB is fun'}
{'_id': ObjectId('59be0175bf94d71efc40a7cf'),
 'author': 'Mike',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 11, 14),
 'tags': ['bulk', 'insert'],
 'text': 'Another post!'}

15 index

result = db.profiles.create_index([('user_id', pymongo.ASCENDING)],
                                  unique=True)

sorted(list(db.profiles.index_information()))

['_id_', 'user_id_1']

user_profiles = [
     {'user_id': 211, 'name': 'Luke'},
     {'user_id': 212, 'name': 'Ziltoid'}]
result = db.profiles.insert_many(user_profiles)

new_profile = {'user_id': 213, 'name': 'Drew'}

duplicate_profile = {'user_id': 212, 'name': 'Tommy'}

 result = db.profiles.insert_one(new_profile)  # This is fine.

result = db.profiles.insert_one(duplicate_profile)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

DuplicateKeyError                         Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-75-5816b1ed923c> in <module>()
----> 1 result = db.profiles.insert_one(duplicate_profile)


d:\app\XXXX\anaconda3\envs\pynt\lib\site-packages\pymongo\collection.py in insert_one(self, document, bypass_document_validation)
    668             return InsertOneResult(
    669                 self._insert(sock_info, document,
--> 670                              bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation),
    671                 self.write_concern.acknowledged)
    672